染色體變異分析法係一種人員生物劑量評估技術，透過分析經輻射照射之細胞產生的雙中節個數，回推人員所接受到的輻射劑量。當發生輻射意外事故時，可利用該技術評估未配戴劑量佩章之民眾或工作人員所接受輻射劑量，並作為後續醫務監護作業之重要參考。

Chromosome aberration analysis is a biological dosimetry method used to assess radiation exposure. It estimates the radiation dose by analyzing the frequency of dicentric chromosomes formed in cells following irradiation. In the event of a radiation accident, this method can provide dose estimates for members of the public or radiation workers who were not wearing dosimeters, serving as an essential reference for subsequent medical evaluation and management.